GrumpyCatFace wrote:
I'm not proposing that there was some kind of utopian society before that, but they were not poverty-stricken wastelands. Those were little empires and tribes of proud people. Human dignity was the norm, not desolation. And you know very well that the landscape was mostly intact, not slashed and burned for cash crops.
There were some successful trading kingdoms speaking the Bantu language spread over large areas.
Kingdoms
The Bantu Kingdom of Kongo ca. 1630.
Between the 14th and 15th centuries, Bantu states began to emerge in the Great Lakes region in the savanna south of the Central African rain-forest. In Southern Africa on the Zambezi river, the Monomatapa kings built the famous Great Zimbabwe complex, the largest of over 200 such sites in Southern Africa, such as Bumbusi in Zimbabwe and Manyikeni in Mozambique. From the 16th century onward, the processes of state formation among Bantu peoples increased in frequency. Some examples of such Bantu states include: in Central Africa, the Kingdom of Kongo,[21] Lunda Empire,[22] and Luba Empire[23] of Angola, the Republic of Congo, and the Democratic Republic of Congo; in the Great Lakes Region, the Buganda[24] and Karagwe[24] Kingdoms of Uganda and Tanzania; and in Southern Africa, the Mutapa Empire,[25] Rozwi Empire,[26] and the Danamombe, Khami, and Naletale Kingdoms of Zimbabwe and Mozambique.[25]